Stereotypical kind Essay Example For Students

Stereotypical kind Essay The next character we meet is Torvald Noras husband and puppet master. Torvald is a very strong character and believes that Nora should obey his requests. This is because of an old tradition that a woman should honour her husband. Torvald is a very rich, helpful, ignorant, stereotypical kind of character because even though he thinks he loves Nora he knows love isnt what he feels. We can tell that by the way he treats her. I wouldnt have you any different. Dear little bird, little darling. But what is it? Theres something, isnt there? There is. We will write a custom essay on Stereotypical kind specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now There is alot of Irony between the couple due to the nature that Henrik Ibsen makes Torvald use throughout the play. For instance Henrik has Torvald compare Nora to squirrels, Skylarks, Singing birds all of which are flight mammals. They are free unlike Nora who is trapped in her own home. Torvalds rhythm of speech is very formal and business like because he sees himself as the leader of his family. He is the type of man that believes his family should be seen not heard but even though he is stern and strict he is also caring and hardworking. His rhythm remains constant throughout the play until the very end where his sentence lengths shorten and he becomes less dominant then Nora. I found this through the practical assessment I did in class I played the part of Helmer and I seen him as a broken man by the end of the play. I and my partner represented the less dominant Torvald by having Nora standing and Torvald sitting so he had to look up at Nora. For the first time at the very end of the play we see Torvald for what he really is, a caring man who was blinded by control. Tell me the miracle. I believe. Tell me. If we changed. If we-All of a sudden Torvald begins to treat Nora as an equal but she feels it is too late to amends. The third character we meet is Mrs Linde a friend of Nora. Mrs Linde is the exact opposite of Nora because Nora has been spoon fed everything her whole entire life whereas Mrs Linde has had to fight and work hard for everything she has achieved. Mrs Lindes language is very formal and mature throughout the play. The audience realises the reason Mrs Linde is played like this is because of what she has been through like losing her husband and being left nothing to live on. Mrs Linde then went into business for herself and has worked hard for everything she achieved. Mrs Linde like Torvald treats Nora as a child because of the way Nora acts but when she finds out about the loan Mrs Linde begins to realise how grown-up Nora is and starts to treat her equally. When Mrs Linde is talking to Krogstad she suddenly becomes all kind hearted and begins to see her life with him. I need someone to mother; your children need a mother; you and I need each other. I trust you, Nils, the man you really are. At first Krogstad thinks that Mrs Lindes kindness is an attempt of saving Noras relationship with Torvald but Mrs Linde genuinely still likes Krogstad and wants to rekindle what they had many years ago. Mrs Linde believes that Torvald must see the letter Krogstad wrote so that Nora and Torvald can understand each other. When Mrs Linde is talking to Krogstad her vocabulary is quite sophisticated but her sentence lengths are small. This is probably because she is trying to get straight to the point quickly but at the same time she doesnt want to say what she means to say all in one breathe. .u200a960051db8fb317d321f1782bbc38 , .u200a960051db8fb317d321f1782bbc38 .postImageUrl , .u200a960051db8fb317d321f1782bbc38 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u200a960051db8fb317d321f1782bbc38 , .u200a960051db8fb317d321f1782bbc38:hover , .u200a960051db8fb317d321f1782bbc38:visited , .u200a960051db8fb317d321f1782bbc38:active { border:0!important; } .u200a960051db8fb317d321f1782bbc38 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u200a960051db8fb317d321f1782bbc38 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u200a960051db8fb317d321f1782bbc38:active , .u200a960051db8fb317d321f1782bbc38:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u200a960051db8fb317d321f1782bbc38 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u200a960051db8fb317d321f1782bbc38 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u200a960051db8fb317d321f1782bbc38 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u200a960051db8fb317d321f1782bbc38 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u200a960051db8fb317d321f1782bbc38:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u200a960051db8fb317d321f1782bbc38 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u200a960051db8fb317d321f1782bbc38 .u200a960051db8fb317d321f1782bbc38-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u200a960051db8fb317d321f1782bbc38:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: 1984 Analytical Journal EssayMrs Linde is quite a clever character as she knows what people want her to do like, Nora asking her to persuade Krogstad to take the letter back but, her intentions are exactly the opposite. This is because Mrs Linde is a caring character and sees things for what they really are, she feels not saying anything is a bad thing because then Nora gets to carry on living a lie and she will never see her true relationship with Torvald. Whereas if Torvald knew he would show his true colours towards Nora and she would figure out if her miracle could come true. The fourth character introduced is Dr. Rank; he is a very good friend of the Helmers who visits them daily. Dr. Rank is the opposite of Torvald as he treats Nora as an intelligent human being and she in return speaks more openly to him than she does to her husband. Dr Rank is dying. He refrains from telling Torvald of his death because it is too ugly an idea for Torvald to tolerate, but he does tell Nora, this shows a strong bond between them. He talks with her about his coming death in a code that excludes Torvald and protects him from harsh reality. However, Dr Rank is not entirely the straightforward truth-teller of dramatic tradition. His real motive for visiting the Helmers is that he is in love with Nora. However Nora isnt aware of this until Dr. Rank confesses to her. As Rank is a dr. His use of language is formal and direct when talking to anybody. He tries to keep his personal side professional especially when it comes to his friendship with Nora. However when he learns that he is going to die, he feels that he cant leave without admitting his true feelings. I swore Id tell you before I..went. Now. Nora, now you know. And you know that you can rely on me, as on no-one else. The only time we see Dr. Rank come out of his professional character and into a regular average everyday person is the scene in which he acts as a smitten teenager with Nora. This is a very flirtatious scene between them and it holds great lust between the pair. In this scene the audience begin to realise that Dr. Ranks feelings for Nora are more than just friendship by the way he speaks and behaves. Ive no possible way of telling! Tut tut you bad boy! The pair both act immaturely but at the same time they are both thinking different things will come of their carrying on with each other. The fifth character is Nils Krogstad. Krogstad is an employee at the bank which Torvald is made manager. Krogstad is a mean clever character who leant Nora the money to take Torvald to Italy to recover. He has committed an offence in the past involving a crime similar to Noras forging a signature on a document. Since then, he has struggled to regain and maintain his respectability in the eyes of society. His job at the bank is a major part of this respectability. So when Torvald, who sees Krogstad as an irresponsible repulsive man, decides to give his job to Mrs Linde, Krogstad then resorts to blackmailing Nora about the loan. Unless Nora persuades Torvald to keep Krogstad in his job and give him a promotion, he will tell Torvald about her loan and her forgery of her fathers signature. At first, Krogstad appears to be a grasping and vindictive villain. But as soon as Mrs Linde tells him that she has always loved him and asks him to resume their relationship, he reveals himself as a more loving, joyful and merciful character. .uf1e7a33a2784c016aa822efb5b21aa7b , .uf1e7a33a2784c016aa822efb5b21aa7b .postImageUrl , .uf1e7a33a2784c016aa822efb5b21aa7b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf1e7a33a2784c016aa822efb5b21aa7b , .uf1e7a33a2784c016aa822efb5b21aa7b:hover , .uf1e7a33a2784c016aa822efb5b21aa7b:visited , .uf1e7a33a2784c016aa822efb5b21aa7b:active { border:0!important; } .uf1e7a33a2784c016aa822efb5b21aa7b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf1e7a33a2784c016aa822efb5b21aa7b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf1e7a33a2784c016aa822efb5b21aa7b:active , .uf1e7a33a2784c016aa822efb5b21aa7b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf1e7a33a2784c016aa822efb5b21aa7b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf1e7a33a2784c016aa822efb5b21aa7b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf1e7a33a2784c016aa822efb5b21aa7b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf1e7a33a2784c016aa822efb5b21aa7b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf1e7a33a2784c016aa822efb5b21aa7b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf1e7a33a2784c016aa822efb5b21aa7b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf1e7a33a2784c016aa822efb5b21aa7b .uf1e7a33a2784c016aa822efb5b21aa7b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf1e7a33a2784c016aa822efb5b21aa7b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Confessor as a failure EssayMrs Linde, unlike Torvald, believes that Krogstad can change for the better, and indeed, from this point on, his life appears to be set on a positive course. Krogstads use of questions throughout the play is mainly interrogation and cross examination questions. I left the date blank. Your father was to fill it in: the date he signed the document. You remember that, Mrs Helmer? Lets keep to the point, Mrs Helmer. That must have been a very difficult time for you. Krogstad is a very cunning and clever character he knows how to manipulate his opposition. Nora is the innocent victim which he chooses to blackmail because of her child like factor which is good at persuading Torvald to get Krogstad what he wants. It is all about control and whether or not he chooses to use the power he has over Nora or just give -up and build his respectability in society back-up from square one. Near the end Krogstad chooses to do exactly that with the help of Mrs Linde he realises his mistakes and his tone becomes alot softer and language simpler. The final character is Anne-Marie. Anne-Marie has brought up Nora since she was a young girl herself and is now helping to bring up Noras children. Having a child of her own with no help from her partner meant that she couldnt support her own child so she considers herself lucky to have been offered her job, even though she had to give up her own child in order to take up her position. Anne-Marie exemplifies the self-sacrificial role of women that Ibsen highlights in this play. Nora finally leaves her children in Anne-Maries care, believing that they will be better off with Anne-Marie than they would be with her. Anne-Marie is a very strong respectable woman who knows her place within the Helmers household. However Nora is the only one who sees her as more than a nanny she sees Anne-Marie as her motherly figure. Anne-Marie isnt a very main character in the play and only has one major scene which is between herself and Nora where there is alot of subtext present. Anne-Marie speaks to Nora quite casually whereas to every-one else she is formal and acts like a worker of the household where she is seen but not heard. Nora feels quite strongly for Anne-Marie and is entirely grateful for all she did for her when Nora was younger. Dear old Anne-Marie. You were such a good mother to me when I was little. The overall use of language within the play is quite formal the only child within the play is Nora who learns to grow up to a respectable woman. The sentence lengths are short and sweet at the beginning but by the end are long and explanative. This is to show the progression in complexity within the play. Nora, Torvald, Mrs Linde and Krogstad all grow as characters throughout the play and by the end come out being better and stronger people. Nora and Torvald mainly because of all the deceit and lies that are told and Mrs Linde and Krogstad through the love they still held for each other. The main Character who grew within this play is Nora as her short sentences became long ones. Her vocabulary went from simple to complex. Her speech pattern changed from unnatural to a constant natural pattern and finally her overall woman broke through her child like self changing her from a doll to a person.

The Green Mile Essay Example

The Green Mile Essay Example The Green Mile Paper The Green Mile Paper Magical realism combines reality and fantasy so the distinction between the two no longer exists. Even though characteristics of fantasy are incorporated in magical realism, the setting takes place in the real world. Because of John Coffee’s ability to heal others, â€Å"The Green Mile† falls into the genre of magical realism. Paul Edgecomb is the first to experience John Coffey’s healing powers. John heals Paul of his urinary infection. When John heals Paul, he brings him back to life. No matter how people treat him, he tries to bring happiness to others. From what the film tells the audience, Paul lives to be one hundred-eight years old due to John’s gift. John’s healing of Paul was as much as a curse as it was a gift. Paul pays the price of outliving everyone he loves, such as his wife Elaine. John took away Paul’s pain and misery, and gave him a new life. The mouse, Mr. Jingles, also experiences John’s healing powers. John brought Mr. Jingles back to life after the sadistic guard, Percy, crushes him. Mr. Jingles highlights the extreme sensitivity and caring personality of John Coffey. John’s care for the small mouse hints his innocence of the horrendous crime he is charged with. Delacroix, Mr. Jingles’ owner, suffers from anxiety about Mr. Jingles’ future as his own death approaches. Delacroix’s love for his pet mouse makes him a sympathetic character even though he committed one of the worst crimes out of all the inmates. It just goes to show that Delacroix is human, and he gets lonely like normal people do. Mr. Jingle’s presence brings healing to the prison, and he ends the loneliness the inmates feel. This movie makes the audience aware of the power of healing. John’s supernatural element of healing carries an undeniable emotional charge. If everyone had John’s gift, the world would be very calm and peaceful.

Management Coaching Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Management Coaching - Thesis Example However, after realizing the benefits of this concept, more and more companies began incorporating it into their business practices. 2 Business coaching allows executives and regular staff alike to become self aware. They realize what their strengths and weaknesses really are and begin to look at issues from another perspective. On top of that, they begin to understand some of the mistakes that might have sprung from their beliefs and rationales. 3 Business coaching allows individuals to develop time management skills, organizational skills, strategic development skills and leadership skills. All these are vital in ensuring the smooth flow of organizational activities and practices. Business coaching is essential in clarifying one's role as a manager or executive. It transforms individuals from just being producers of goods and services to being in charge of one's business. This is possible by teaching candidates how to communicate to ones' subordinates about a strategic plan, how to focus on long term objectives and the process of delegating authority. 4 Organisations within the Asian context should definitely consider business coaching because it has the propensity to improve results and productivity. This is because it provides a connection between the technical and relational aspects of business. Since production is carried out by people, then one should look for ways of enhancing people relationships. Business coaching is the platform for doing that. How business coaching is done Business coaches should use a series of business skills to fit into a client's organization. They should also have experience with running their own businesses so that they can give support to their anecdotes using this hands-on experience. Business coaches do not tell clients what to do; instead, they foster a friendship with the client, support the client and cause the client to stretch their horizons beyond the obvious. 5 Business coaching is done depending on the needs of the clients. If a client needs business coaching skills to start a new company or business, then business coaches give them the tools for planning their businesses. Here, one is taught how to choose an appropriate organizational structure; one is also taught how to look for service providers from various professions. On top of that, one is given insight about choosing to hire external services or to outsource them. On top of that, one is also given training on sales and marketing strategies. When a business is growing and developing, business coaching involves helping the client redesign their business plan. It is also teaches clients how to improve their operation systems. Also, they are taught how to evaluate their competitors and gauge the most threatening ones. The delegation process is also paramount in growing businesses and this is a key subject in business coaching. 6 When a client owns an already established business, then business coaching is tailored towards this need. Managers are taught how to change their management structures. They are also taught how to encourage their employees to be more innovative. Besides that, business coaching here involves teaching managers how to encourage their employees to be more innovative. Employers are also taught how to evaluate opportunities and methods of entering into new markets. 7 The last category of clients in business coach

Discuss the effects of Internet Radio on the radio landscape Essay

Discuss the effects of Internet Radio on the radio landscape - Essay Example roles that technology has played is in influencing the conventional radio system, which is now with advancements and progression in Information Technology, is encompassing into the form of internet radio. Living in the world of blooming science and technology, our lives are gradually changing along with its research and innovations (Lee, pp. 20-23, 2005). It revolves around us in every activity, whereby we have been left dependent upon its functioning as mere parts of a machine, unified under a mechanical function. Not only has it revolutionized our personal lives, but also the way in which a society communicates with each other has changed. Our present way of life would have been a dreamland for man just a century ago, and what we possess today is still not at its climax, what follows ahead is a mystery under guidance of technological advancement (Lee, pp. 20-23, 2005). The conventional system of broadcasting information, news, and entertainment is under massive change by the gauntlet of technology, whereby the entire network today stands at perils because of the rapidly growing fantasy of internet radio (Zittrain, pp. 56-58, 2008). The dissemination information by its means has developed a new system, which allows the network’s programs to be broadcasted everywhere to common people. The new internet radio is seen wearing the new trend to fit easily to the tastes of the modern generation, massively loaded with new news and information to cater all age groups and its ease in accessibility and profound efficiency all have added great value to popularity. From all forms of electronic media, radio is a common person’s device, which provides apt news and information and a negligible cost, is mobile and can be accessed from almost anywhere around the country. It is easy to travel with, acting as a live companion at all times, and can even be connected with other electric devices as an â€Å"add on† keeping one updated with national and international happenings

Chinese literature Unit 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Chinese literature Unit 3 - Essay Example u’s â€Å"Praying For Rain,†1 from the Chou period, and the poem â€Å"Sitting and Forgetting,†2 from the Nine Songs, from the latter Chu period, and examine how each portray and think about ritual. The first shows a more straightforward approach to ritual—as in a kind of rain dance which is a means to an end. The second show ritual and its relation to nature as being potentially personally transformative. In â€Å"Praying for Rain† the poet describes the rituals or etiquette that surrounds rainfall, the harvest, and agriculture. Back then there was no agricultural science. Most farmers believed that a good harvest came because the gods were happy. The harvest was hugely important for everyone because the population relied on it for nourishments. It therefore made sense that rituals and prayers that poets and priests believed would help the harvest would be of huge importance and would frequently be refined and added to in order to ensure the best possible harvest. Poetry and ritual at the time were in some sense a matter of life and death. Ku Liang Shu describes the correct time to pray for rain to improve the crops.3 He says that petitioners must wait until the last minute, until it becomes clear that the rain is absolutely necessary, before engaging in the ritual prayer. By praying, man is â€Å"asking for a favour† the poet rights. These things must not be taken ligh tly. The power the gods have over people is one of life and death. There is an additional social aspect to this view of rituals: favours are important things and should be frivolously asked for. Ask only for what you need. We see in this work that rituals are taken very seriously and are mostly a way of communing with the gods, rather than with people (although there can be social implications to these rituals). The â€Å"Sitting and Forgetting,† one of the Nine Song, focuses much more on an abstraction of the ritual and its power to transform the world or the poet’s perspective of the world.

Nokia competencies

Nokia competencies Every firm comprises of competencies, not all possess core competencies, these are crucial for a competitiveness. This report examines the core competencies that contribute most significantly to Nokias competitive advantage. These consist of organisational culture and research and development. Nokias competitive advantage will be analysed based on corporate brand and products and services base, then personal analysis reported. 2.0 Theoretical idea of core competencies Firms possess competencies through efficient use of resources and are required for firms to compete. Core competencies are attributes that an organisation possesses which in turn allows it to achieve competitive advantage (Prahalad Hamel, 1990 cited Henry. A, 2008). There is differential performance between companies in the same industry, due to individual core competencies since the environment is constant. In 2008, Dell had the largest market share in UK PC market (Datamonitor, 2009), with core competencies in its value chain giving competitive advantage (Henry. A, 2008). Core competencies should be appropriable so those who provide the attributes for the competitive advantage should reap benefits (Kay. J, 1993 cited Open University, 2009). The key is not to focus on all competencies just ones that add most value and competitive advantage. Collis and Montgomery (1997) identified some attributes within the organisation are more useful for gaining sustainable competitive advantage (Henry, 2008). The features of useful attributes are that they help provide value to customers, are unique and difficult to imitate (Collis Montgomery, 1997, cited Hooley. G et al, 2008) as seen in figure 1. Other theorists support this identification, Prahalad and Hamel (1990) identified three tests for core competencies: 1. A core competence should provide access to a wide variety of markets. 2. A core competence should make a significant contribution to perceived customer benefits of end products. 3. A core competence should be difficult for competitors to imitate. (Prahalad cited The Free Library, 2002). Hamel and Prahalad (The Free Library, 2002) identified core competencies should not remain static whilst the environment changes. Core competencies enable production of new products and services and increase customer relationship management, they should be envied by competitors but difficult to replicate (Hooley. G et al, 2008). Shangri La Hotels have a stronger customer relationship than their competitors (Datamonitor, 2009) their mission Delighting customers each and every time (Shangri-La Hotels and Resorts, 2009). 2.1 Nokias core competencies Nokia has many competencies but due to recent success appears to focus on the right core competencies to gain competitive advantage. The two significant ones are organisational culture (Blau. J, 2003) and investment in research and development (Nokia, 2009). Organisational culture is a core competence and source of sustainable competitive advantage (Barney, 1986b, cited Hamel. G Heene. A,1994). 2.1.1 Nokias organisational culture Nokia, unlike competitors, is innovative and entrepreneurial by adopting the correct culture (Blau. J, 2003). Within the organisation entrepreneurship is encouraged by managers open to employee suggestions for new products and services, this allows continuous learning, there is also a feedback process for employees engaging in new ideas (Blau. J, 2003). VP Niitamo, Chair of European Living Labs Portfolio, Some of Nokias success, is from continuously bringing in young, talented people, without pushing them down one particular career path (Blau. J, 2003). For this to take place they must have shared vision to ensure full commitment from employees (Kanter, 1983 cited Henry. A, 2008). 2.1.2 Nokias research and development Another core competency is Nokias research and development. Nokia employs 51,750 people, over one third is made up of people in research and development. The company employs approximately 1,000 new people in research and development each year, aiming for those who have new skills (Blau. J, 2003). Nokias extensive research and development enables it to create trusted consumer relationships, the best mobile devices everywhere and context enriched services (Nokia, 2009). 3.0 Theoretical idea of competitive advantage Competitive advantage results from matching core competencies to opportunities (Business Dictionary, 2009). Many 2000 dot.com failures were companies identifying the opportunity but not having competencies to achieve competitive advantage (Hooley. G et al, 2008). Companies can achieve competitive advantage by charging higher prices for increased value products and services or offering the same products and services as competitors at lower prices (Porter. M. E, 1985). Differences between rival products and services have become narrow, so companies need to find new ways of distinguishing themselves in customers minds. Companies can use brands to be distinctive compared with competitors, and create a relationship with customers for competitive advantage (Chailan. C, 2008). In 2008, the airline industry saw JetBlues new experience based differentiation after they created T5 terminal at JFK. T5 added brand value by augmenting the service with additional and complementary features (DDB, 2009). Companies should look for sustainability; competitive advantage that competitors are unable to imitate (Barney, 1991 cited Henry. A, 2008). Tesco uses vendor managed inventory and builds relationships with suppliers such as Nestle and Coca Cola to improve availability, providing competitive advantage for those involved, however unsustainable (William Reed Business Media Ltd, 2009). Figure 2 identifies the relationship between core competencies and competitive advantage. Although core competencies lead to competitive advantages this may be indirect by developing core products or services. 3.1 Nokias competitive advantage Nokia is currently worldwide largest mobile phone maker, therefore they must have significant core competencies to gain competitive advantage (Yahoo Finance, 2009). Nokias competitive advantage is based on scale, brand and services (Nokia, 2008). 3.1.1 Nokias brand value After wavering in 2004, Nokia came back to build an outstanding reputation through a 12% increase in brand value and became fifth top brand (Kiley. D, 2007). Nokia currently has number one brand in many markets worldwide (Temporal. P Davies. R, 2009). Nokias organisational culture contributed to its corporate brand since employees and processes are reflected in the brand (Temporal. P, 2009). Nokias research and development assisted in creating brand value by keeping up to date with evolving consumer demands and is recognised as a company that provides consumers with the desired products and services. NRC, Nokias innovations hub invests at least 5% of the annual research and development budget. Innovations are created for commercial purposes after three to five years development (Samuels. M, 2006). 3.1.2 Nokias products and services Ideas need to align with organisational culture, therefore this must be correct to generate desired products and services (Henry. A, 2008). Organisational culture is reflected in products and services through processes and procedures, this led to sustainable competitive advantage. The knowledge possessed by employees cannot be easily transferred, groups of employees would be required for a fraction of the knowledge (Argote. L Ingram. P, 2000). Nokias research and development continuously improves and generates new products, this is essential as Nokias markets became highly competitive over the last decade with entrants such as Apple iPhone (Ward. A, 2009). In 2002 Nokia received the Frost and Sullivan market engineering award for its secure access system innovation which was an exceptionally evolved product (BNET,2003 Calif. S. J, 2002). 4.0 Critical analysis I conclude that Nokia has effectively developed competencies into core competencies to develop sustainable competitive advantage. I consider Nokia to have core competencies in particular organisational culture and research and development, contributing most to Nokias competitive advantage. The organisational culture is quite unique among competitors, yet as industry leader so they must be doing the right things internally in relation to the external industry. Other companies should steer away from the negative image that innovative organisations are only effective in small organisations and implement some of Nokias techniques to reduce differential performance between them. However, I realise this will only be effective if there are shared values and commitment from the entire organisation as with Nokia. Organisational culture cannot be easily learned so this must create sustainable competitive advantage until competitors have developed their culture more effectively. Nokia invests heavily in research and development which is reflected in its product and service offering which is outstanding, therefore I see it as a worthwhile investment. I have identified that Nokia doesnt just employ people for research and development, it supports them and develops their knowledge base to benefit the company. I identified Nokias main competitive advantage being brand value and product and service offering. I recognise that Nokia successfully achieved competitive advantage of its brand organisational culture and the beliefs and practices adopted by the company. Nokia must continue to do the right things such as ethical behaviour in the work place or the brand will be tarnished and will be difficult to rebuild unless its loyal customer base sticks by regardless which I find doubtful. Nokias other competitive advantage consists developing latest product designs and outperforming rivals through services. I do not consider this sustainable, despite Nokias investments in research and development. Product innovation in the mobile phone industry is the main contributor to growth, through replacement sales (Cassell. J, 2004). This is likely to remain the case as the market is already saturated, therefore I feel Nokia wont maintain this level of competition as rival companies would invest more into research and development to compete. Overall, I find Nokia making best use of its core competencies to gain competitive advantage but dont believe it will continue to be industry leader without enhancing its core competencies to meet evolving demands. 5.0 Conclusion In conclusion it has been analysed that Nokia has several core competencies, the most significant being organisational culture and investment in research and development. These core competencies led to competitive advantage in the form of strong brand image and exceptional product and service offerings. Although this is currently the case for Nokia within the mobile phone industry, they may not be sustainable as will be identified over time.

The Automatic Paige Typesetter :: essays research papers

The Automatic Paige Typesetter   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many people believed that the Paige typesetter was printing of the nineteenth century. One person who literally put everything he had into it was Samuel Taylor Clemens better known as Mark Twain. Mark Twain was the principle money investor of the automatic Paige typesetter. Twain thought that his investments in the machine would make him richer, but it turned out that the typesetter did the exact opposite.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  James Paige invented the automatic Paige typesetter around 1877. The typesetter was said to have the power of four men’s jobs. It was not only going to be the greatest invention of the nineteenth century, it was going to make publishing companies a fortune by cutting down on time and initial printing costs. In 1877, Dr. George F. Hawley signed a contract with Paige to use his typesetter and the Thompson distributor, another machine that sorted printed papers, to combine them into one machine.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The â€Å"Chicago Herald† tested the combined machine, or Paige compositor. The machine was roughly eleven feet long, three and one half feet wide, and six feet high. It weighted nearly 5000 pounds, and the power it needed was transmitted through a round belt to a grooved pulley 14 inches in diameter. The machined used about 1/4 to 1/3 horse-power and it could be started and turned up to speed with one finger at a 7-inch leverage. The compositor was particularly made for newspaper printing work. It did all the work of distributing, setting, justifying, and had mechanisms that were adjustable to any width of column desired for newspaper or bookwork.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Although the compositor seemed like a good idea it had many defects and over 18,000 mechanical parts that were not always in working order. James Paige put a great deal of time, effort, and money into his great invention. Mark Twain himself invested and lost 50,000 dollars in the machine. Despite the efforts of everybody involved with the compositor, the Linotype machine hit the market earlier and was more cost effective.

Best source of funding for research organization Essay

There are a number of ways of funding research programs to help medical clinics; we may have an aspect where the government lends a hand or seeking the indulgence of the pharmaceutical companies. (NCSL, 2014) The above stated are two of those ways. Acceptance of offers to carry out research depends on the wishes of beneficiaries; they get to choose whom they perceive to be their best options. (U.S. Congress, 2006) Grants by the federal government may be defined as the assistance in monetary terms offered by the American government. (NIST, 2014)The government assistance has to conform to the laws and regulations set about by the federal agencies. (USA Government, n.d.)Grants offered by the pharmaceutical companies; to conduct clinical research is one of the common ways of sourcing for money to carry out research activities for clinics. (Canadian Business Network, n.d) Pharmaceutical companies are private entities which may not be put under tight regulations as compared to public insti tutions. (Federal Grants, n.d)The financing pharmaceutical company may fund a research project they deem to be in line with what they find necessary for them. (D.o.J., 1998) Advantages of using government grants to fund research projects Government or federal grants are a good way of sourcing for funds; even though the central government may impose very strict measures to go about using the cash. (Cornell University, n.d.) Once a government agency has given the nod for one to conduct the research alongside the funds allocation; a research organization is left to conduct its affairs in the required time they find ample. (UCONN, n.d.) Pharmaceutical companies may impose timelines so that they launch their products for commercial gains. (The Arc, n.d.)Pharmaceutical companies may continue funding a project based on interests to be fulfilled; some may be under pressure to churn out products that cause a buzz within markets. (Grant Space, n.d.)Another risk involved with pharmaceuticals funding projects would be purely to spite their competitors and caress enormous egos of company executives and owners. (TGCI, n.d.) Government does not engage in competition; but their mandate is to look out for the welfare of their citizen s. (The White House, n.d.)It’s with the above stated reasons that governmental funding looks more appealing as compared to funding from private entities. (Homeland Security, n.d.)There would not be conflicts or interests as well as undue pressure. (FELDESMAN+TUCKER+LEIFER+FIDELL, n.d.) References NCSL. (2014). NCSL. Retrieved from http://www.ncsl.org/research/health/american-health-benefit-exchanges.aspxU.S. Congress. (2006, October). Research and Development in the Pharmaceutical Industry. Retrieved from https://cbo.gov/sites/†¦/10-02-drugr-d.pdfCanadian Business Network. (n.d.). Canadian Business Network. Retrieved from http://www.canadabusiness.ca/eng/page/2740/National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), United States Department of Commerce (DoC). (2014, February 25). ANNOUNCEMENT OF FEDERAL FUNDING OPPORTUNITY (FFO) Measurement Science and Engineering (MSE) Research Grant Programs. Retrieved from www.nist.gov/†¦/grants/USA Government. (n.d.). Benefits, Grants, and Loans. Retrieved from http://www.usa.gov/Citizen/Topics/Benefits.shtmlFederal Grants. (n.d.). Federal Grants. Retrieved from http://www.federalgrants.com/D.o.J. (1998, September). The United States Department of Justice. Retrieved from http://www.justice.gov/crt/grants_statutes/legalman.phpC ornell University. (n.d.). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://www.irb.cornell.edu/faq/UCONN. (n.d.). University of Connecticut. Retrieved from http://research.uconn.edu/The Arc. (n.d.). Public Policy. Retrieved from http://www.thearc.org/what-we-do/public-policy/know-your-rights/federal-lawsGrant Space. (n.d.). Knowledge Base. Retrieved from http://grantspace.org/tools/knowledge-base/Funding-Resources/Government-Funders/government-grantsTGCI. (n.d.). Thw Grantsmanship Center. Retrieved from http://www.tgci.com/training/competing-federal-grants-5-dayThe White House. (n.d.). Office of Mnagement and Budget. Retrieved from http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/grants_defaultHomeland Security. (n.d.). Title VI Overview for Recipients of DHS Financial Assistance. Retrieved from http://www.dhs.gov/title-vi-overview-recipients-dhs-financial-assistanceFELDESMAN+TUCKER+LEIFER+FIDELL. (n.d.). Federal Grants. Retrieved from http://www.feldesmantucker.com/federal-grants/ Source document

Free Essays on DC Metrorail

Introduction The Washington Metrorail system is one of the finest in the nation, if not the world. After spending a fair portion of my life and an honest portion of my money on the Blue Line to and from Franconia-Springfield and Alexandria, I am interesting in delving into where Metrorail funds come from and how these funds are allocated in this portion of the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority’s budget. The Washington Metrorail system is managed by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority, which simultaneously operates a fleet of buses catering to the needs of area citizens. The Metrorail is comprised on five lines: Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, and Blue. These five lines branch off and into the adjacent areas Maryland and Virginia. The Metrorail system covers an expansive area and is over 100 miles in length generating nearly $437 million dollars in revenue. The first section of the Metrorail system was opened in 1976. The system as originally planned has since been completed. Extensions to the original construction of Metrorail include the following: 1) The extension of the Green Line from Anacostia to Branch Ave 2) Eastward extension of the Blue Line to Largo Town Center 3) Future extension will include a new branch of the Orange Line to Tyson’s Corner and to Dulles National Airport WMATA Budget Breakdown Before we can examine the break down of the Metrorail budget itself, we must first look at the budget of the WMATA as a whole. The budget of the WMATA is $1.56 billion dollars. As mention in my introduction, I am interested in where the money comes from as well as where it goes. $379.2 million dollars of the WMATA budget comes from Federal subsidies and government funding, $610.3 million dollars is received from regional funding subsidies, and $570.7 million dollars of revue is generated by the WMATA to round out the entire budget. The WMATA is ranks among the best in the country with a fift... Free Essays on DC Metrorail Free Essays on DC Metrorail Introduction The Washington Metrorail system is one of the finest in the nation, if not the world. After spending a fair portion of my life and an honest portion of my money on the Blue Line to and from Franconia-Springfield and Alexandria, I am interesting in delving into where Metrorail funds come from and how these funds are allocated in this portion of the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority’s budget. The Washington Metrorail system is managed by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority, which simultaneously operates a fleet of buses catering to the needs of area citizens. The Metrorail is comprised on five lines: Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, and Blue. These five lines branch off and into the adjacent areas Maryland and Virginia. The Metrorail system covers an expansive area and is over 100 miles in length generating nearly $437 million dollars in revenue. The first section of the Metrorail system was opened in 1976. The system as originally planned has since been completed. Extensions to the original construction of Metrorail include the following: 1) The extension of the Green Line from Anacostia to Branch Ave 2) Eastward extension of the Blue Line to Largo Town Center 3) Future extension will include a new branch of the Orange Line to Tyson’s Corner and to Dulles National Airport WMATA Budget Breakdown Before we can examine the break down of the Metrorail budget itself, we must first look at the budget of the WMATA as a whole. The budget of the WMATA is $1.56 billion dollars. As mention in my introduction, I am interested in where the money comes from as well as where it goes. $379.2 million dollars of the WMATA budget comes from Federal subsidies and government funding, $610.3 million dollars is received from regional funding subsidies, and $570.7 million dollars of revue is generated by the WMATA to round out the entire budget. The WMATA is ranks among the best in the country with a fift...

Reserved Words in Java

Reserved Words in Java Reserved words are words that cannot be used as object or variable names in a Java program because theyre already used by the syntax of the Java programming language. If you ttempt to  use any of the words below as identifiers in your Java programs, youll get an error like the one below. List of Reserved Java Keywords abstract assert boolean break byte case catch char class const continue default double do else enum extends false final finally float for goto if implements import instanceof int interface long native new null package private protected public return short static strictfp super switch synchronized this throw throws transient true try void volatile while *The  strictfp  keyword was added to this list in Java Standard Edition version 1.2,  assert  in version 1.4, and  enum  in version 5.0. Even though goto and const are no longer used in the Java programming language, they still cannot be used as keywords. What Happens If You Use a Reserved Word? Lets say you try to create a new class and name it using a reserved word, like this: // you cant use finally as its a reserved word! class finally {   Ã‚  Ã‚  public static void main(String[] args) {   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  //class code..   Ã‚  Ã‚  } } Instead of compiling, the Java program will instead give the following error: expected

Analysis of Health Club Market in UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Analysis of Health Club Market in UK - Essay Example In the first part of the project, an industry analysis of the health club market in the United Kingdom will be done. In the next part, an opportunity and a threat analysis will be performed for the major players in the health club market of the United Kingdom. Finally, in the third part, the business strategies of these competitors will be described. There are a large number of health clubs operating in the United Kingdom. An industry analysis of the health club market will be done to understand the threat that these companies possess from one another. The industry analysis will be done using Porter’s Five Forces Model: Rivalry from Existing Firms - In an industry, there are a large number of competitors competing in order to achieve competitive advantage. The intensity of this competition is one of the major determinants of the industry analysis. The business strategies of a firm help it to distinguish from the competitors. The merger activities of the health clubs have increased the competition in the market. Whitbread Plc has acquired David Lloyd Leisure in the year 1995. Canon and First leisure have also merged their fitness and health clubs. The merger or acquisition of the companies helps in the market extension as well. Thus the threat from the competitors in the health and fitness industry is very high. A threat of New Entrants- If the existing market yields high return to the companies operating in the market, it attracts new entries. But the entry of the new firms results in the decrease in the profitability of all the firms operating there. If barriers are not provided to these new entrants, the profitability of the firms will show an abnormal decrease.  

English as Only US Official Language Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

English as Only US Official Language - Essay Example Other like-minded movements followed but none has so far prospered because of the chief argument that an attitude of intolerance towards languages other than English is undemocratic and impinges on individual liberties. The policy has nonetheless gained headway in at least 27 states, where pro-English laws or resolutions have already been enacted. On the federal level, two opposing lobbies have been organized represented by the English Plus movement that pushes for bilingualism, and the English Only group that clamors for monolingualism and for English to be declared as the only official national language. This paper dissects the pros and cons of the issue and evaluates which side makes more sense and a stronger case. Topic Sentence 2 - Spanish is perceived to be the biggest threat to English since Hispanics comprise the largest number of immigrants in the US, such that more and more public utilities and documents are inscribed in Spanish especially in areas where there are large immigrant communities. There are over 300 languages spoken in the US by people whose primary language is not English, but Hispanic immigrants easily qualify as the largest group of non-English speakers because of the proximity of the US to Latin America. According to the US Bureau of Census, in a tone that suggests warning, 100 million people of Hispanic origins will be all over the 50 states of the Union by 2050 (Lynch 11). Because of this large-scale immigration of Hispanics, Spanish has become the unofficial second language of the US (Rodriguez 3). This bothers Americans with native roots that perceive the growth of Spanish-speaking communities as a threat to English. Why is this predominantly used immigrant language in America considered a threat to English Rep. Tom Tancredo (R-Colorado) explains that Spanish is making inroads into the predominant position that should be occupied by English among Americans. This is duality that must be avoided at all costs because "it would weaken American identity an d sow the seeds of disunity and conflict." The possible weakening of the American identity and the potential of bilingualism to breed disunity is the battle slogan of such organizations as the English Only movement, Official English and the US English Inc., the latter a political lobby group founded by the late Senator from Alaska Samuel Hayakawa and Dr. John Tanton in 1983. These groups feel that English is losing out to Spanish and call for federal legislation to declare English as the official language, specifying that no other state law or policy shall be enforced that requires the use of any language other than English. English Only advocates point to Hartford in Connecticut to show that English is retreating in favor of Spanish and that the threat is real (Mujica 5). Hispanics comprise 40 percent of the population of this typical American city, where half of its Spanish-speaking people do not speak English at all so Spanish is the